Diabetes Development NIBGM (Non Invasive Blood Glucose monitor project)

There are approximately 220 Million diabetics in the world; the disease afflicts people from all ethnic, racial and religious backgrounds. The average increase yearly of Type II diabetics is around 10%. Whether Insulin or non-insulin dependent the current means of in home, doctors practice or clinic testing is the use of small hand held Glucometer. The process requires that the patient prick their finger to obtain a drop of blood, this is applied to an expensive single use test stick that is inserted into the Glucometer, the Glucometer gives back a reading in mmol's or dl's depending on the weights and measure system used in your country.
The Income from the Supply of Glucometer and the single use test strip business is in the several billion-dollar regions. The average cost of a blood Glucometer ranges from South African currency R 350.00 to R 950.00, Strips range from R 250.00 to R 350.00 per pack of 50; chronic diabetics test their levels on average 5 times a day. This cost places a heavy burden on state and privately funded medical institutions and has a direct effect in increasing the overall costs of HMO’s and medical aids, not to forget the cost to the patient at approx. R3500.to R4000.per annum.
There are no more than 15 major manufactures of invasive testing Glucometers. It should be noted that for comprehensive and proper management of blood sugar levels, patients need to test their blood sugar levels, this is not being accomplished by lower and lower middle class populations around the world, due to the high monthly costs.


Extrapolation: Annual cost For Test Sticks and Needles R 7245.00
This does not include the purchase of the out of date invasive Glucometer.

Copyright © All Rights Reserved NIBGM Project 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009
Description of Research and Development Idea/Invention/Innovation

Conventional Glucometer measure blood sample, by an electrochemical process or by using an infra red light source sent through an opaque medium.
This concept is simple, use a light source that will be sent through human tissue; prick a finger or an earlobe, and when the light comes out of the tissue to count the photons and predict reliably using mathematical formulae’s, the Glucose level or for that matter any Molecule, Element in the test subject.
I am a member of the insulin resistance movement. I come from a middle class white South African background and I am struggling to cover the monthly costs of this disease. Diabetes like HIV/Aids does not care whom it afflicts. You can come from any ethnic background and acquire the affliction. Diabetics are financially stigmatized by being limited from obtaining life assurance, driving a car, or maintaining a job, obtaining social grants or support, and the cost of medicines or measurement devices and monthly maintenance of Glucose test sticks. Patients with disease are unable to monitor their level if they are under the medical supervision of the state, the health system just does not have the budget to cover the cost of test sticks. People are dying from diabetes due to a number of factors:
Lack of knowledge and unable to recognize the symptoms
Bad Management of the disease because of bad nourishment.
Bad Management of the disease because the patient can’t afford modern testing equipment

The Device will be hand held and run on Batteries some of the features include:-

No monthly overhead.
Painless
Reduces the chance of infection
Cost of unit subject to large-scale production around R 2900.00 each
Simple to use
Can work on rechargeable batteries
Can link to a Medical Practitioner or users PC via USB port for down loading of blood readings
And can be recharged from the via a USB port.
Easy to operate, just insert finger into receptacle.
Small in size using Risk processors.
Unit’s internal software can be upgraded via the USB port.
An added feature of the device is it could detect pulse, body temperature and blood/oxygen levels.
Results in less than 20 Seconds.
Memory enough to hold more that 1000 samples
Multilingual Graphics Display

Glucose Meter System Description
A new Glucose Meter is a micro controller controlled, battery operated hand held device that measures blood glucose by quantifying Photon emissions using a proprietary spectrometer. Typical meter hardware includes a standard microcontroller that includes an LCD driver, a serial EEPROM, and an analog CPU that is 16 Bit. The CPU provides Spectrometer Interface, Power Management, Real-Time Clock (RTC), and Analog to Digital Conversion (ADC) functions, and is controlled by the microcontroller through a parallel access port. The meter can be powered by a single Lithium battery power source. The capability of powering from a single Lithium cell limits the allowable power consumption of the meter. Only the RTC on the AFE is enabled in this mode. The main system function is to accurately measure blood glucose. A means of calibration is provided to account for component variations and to maintain measurement accuracy. The measurement results are stored in a data log that, upon request, can be uploaded to a PC via a USB serial cable. The data log is implemented on a non-volatile memory (EEPROM) that keeps the data in the event of battery removal or power loss. Rev 1.1 Below


Some Physics and Physiology
The Glucometer will measure D-Glucose levels from 1.0 to 35 mmol’s or the equivalent for the USA market in mg/dl. The Human finger or for that matter any part of the extremities that we can use to measure using IR/NIR/ARS, Visible light or laser coherent light is Three Dimensional, This can be defined as a Hilbert or almost Euclidian space. However we might use a combination of spectrographic techniques such ultrasonic/ temperature and light.

Conventional Glucometers have a built in error of 10-15%, the new unit will be in he region of 5%.